Influence Of Technology In Schoounseling

Technology provides tools to help counselors accomplish their work more effectively and efficiently beyond what they can do without it. Counselors now have high-tech methods for better managing, supporting, conducting, delivering, and describing their work as before never imagined. Such power, however, comes with great responsibility.Technology is having a profound impact on every aspect of life, including how people work, how they play, and even how they view the world. The introduction of technology into counseling is an evolutionary process that is happening quickly, if not always easily.

The most recent advances in assessment and diagnosis, counseling techniques, and career development utilize technology in one fashion or another. From Internet-based counseling to telecounseling, the range of human services provided in schools, agencies, and private practice is changing and advancing.

Counselors use technology to help them be more effective and efficient in their work, ultimately maximizing positive counseling outcomes, in one or more of the following four areas:

• Information/Resource
• Communication/Collaboration.
• Interaction/Productivity.
• Delivery of Services.

Alfred W. Adler (February 7, 1870 – May 28, 1937) was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology.^[3] His emphasis on the importance of feelings of inferiority^[4]—the inferiority complex—is recognized as an isolating element which plays a key role in personality development.^[5] Alfred Adler considered human beings as an individual whole, therefore he called his psychology "Individual Psychology" .

Adler was the first to emphasize the importance of the social element in the re-adjustment process of the individual and who carried psychiatry into the community.^[6] A Review General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Adler as the 67th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.

Career

Adler began his medical career as an ophtalmologist, but he soon switched to general practice, and established his office in a less affluent part of Vienna across from the Prater, a combination amusement park and circus. His clients included circus people, and it has been suggested^[12] that the unusual strengths and weaknesses of the performers led to his insights into "organ inferiorities" and "compensation".

In 1902 Adler received an invitation from Sigmund Freud to join an informal discussion group that included Rudolf Reitler and Wilhelm Stekel. The group, the "Wednesday Society", met regularly on Wednesday evenings at Freud's home and was the beginning of the psychoanalytic movement, expanding over time to include many more members. A long-serving member of the group, Adler became president of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society eight years later. He remained a member of the Society until 1911, when he and a group of his supporters formally disengaged from Freud's circle, the first of the great dissenters from orthodox psychoanalysis. This departure suited both Freud and Adler, since they had grown to dislike each other. During his association with Freud, Adler frequently maintained his own ideas which often diverged from Freud's. While Adler is often referred to as "a pupil of Freud's", in fact this was never true; they were colleagues, Freud referring to him in print in 1909 as "My colleague Dr Alfred Adler". In 1929 Adler showed a reporter with the New York Herald a copy of the faded postcard that Freud had sent him in 1902. He wanted to prove that he had never been a disciple of Freud's but rather that Freud had sought him out to share his ideas.

Adler founded the Society for Individual Psychology in 1912 after his break from the psychoanalytic movement. Adler's group initially included some orthodox Nietzschean adherents (who believed that Adler's ideas on power and inferiority were closer to Nietzsche than Freud's). Their enmity aside, Adler retained a lifelong admiration for Freud's ideas on dreams and credited him with creating a scientific approach to their clinical utilization. Nevertheless, even regarding dream interpretation, Adler had his own theoretical and clinical approach. The primary differences between Adler and Freud centered on Adler's contention that the social realm is as important to psychology as is the internal realm. The dynamics of power and compensation extend beyond sexuality, and gender and politics can be as important as libido. Moreover, Freud did not share Adler's socialist beliefs, the latter's wife being for example an intimate friend of many of the Russian Marxists such as Leon Trotsky.

Basic Principles

• Social interest and community feeling
• Holism and the creative self
• Fictional finalism, teleology, and goal constructs
• Psychological and social encouragement
• Inferiority, superiority and compensation
• Life style/style of life
• Early recollections (a projective technique)
• Family constellation and birth order
• Life tasks and social embeddedness
• The conscious and unconscious realms
• Private logic and common sense (based in part on Kant's "sensus communis")
• Symptoms and neurosis
• Safeguarding behaviour
• Guilt and guilt feelings
• Socratic questioning
• Dream interpretation
• Child and adolescent psychology
• Democratic approaches to parenting and families
• Adlerian approaches to classroom management
• Leadership and organisational psychology

   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Adler